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Configure Oracle Gateway for ODBC with Informix ODBC Driver – Joachim Jäckel
techblog.jj-it.deIn the last steps we have configured unixODBC and Informix ODBC Driver to access a Informix target database. Now we will configure the Oracle Gateway. Usually the gateway will run on the same system where the Oracle database in running.
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Title | Configure Oracle Gateway for ODBC with Informix ODBC Driver – Joachim Jäckel | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Keywords cloud | = database informix Oracle ODBC Informix file link gateway Gateway NUMBER connection COLUMN FORMAT listener configuration GWINFORMIXSID tnsnamesora Database film_id | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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= | 63 | 3.15 % |
database | 41 | 2.05 % |
informix | 32 | 1.60 % |
Oracle | 24 | 1.20 % |
ODBC | 20 | 1.00 % |
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file | 18 | 0.90 % |
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gateway | 17 | 0.85 % |
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connection | 15 | 0.75 % |
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configuration | 13 | 0.65 % |
GWINFORMIXSID | 13 | 0.65 % |
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from ORACLE to a | 4 | 0.20 % | No |
connection from ORACLE to | 4 | 0.20 % | No |
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Configure Oracle Gateway for ODBC with Informix ODBCSuburbanite– Joachim Jäckel Skip to contentJoachim Jäckel MenuHomeContact Configure Oracle Gateway for ODBC with Informix ODBC DriverContents1 Configure Oracle Gateway1.1 Gateway initialization file1.2 Listener configuration1.3 tnsnames.ora configuration1.4 Database Link configuration1.5 Overview on names used in the configuration2 Using the database link2.1Specimensensitive Object Names2.2 Data Type Conversion3 Synopsis of names used in this example4 Troubleshooting4.1 Some typical errormessagesIn the last steps we have configured unixODBC and Informix ODBCSuburbaniteto wangle a Informix target database. Now we will configure the Oracle Gateway.Usually the gateway will run on the same system where the Oracle database in running.Configure Oracle GatewayFor each connection we will configurethe gateway initialization file $ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin/initGWSID.orathe oracle net listenertnsnames.ora (optional)a database linkGateway initialization fileOracle supplies a sample initialization file, initdg4odbc.ora. The sample file is stored in the $ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin directory.For this example we will create a file $ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin/initGWINFORMIXSID.ora$ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin/initGWINFORMIXSID.ora # HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO: data source name from odbc.ini HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO = infoxmixtestdsn # HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL: Values: OFF, ON, DEBUG, default: OFF. Activate to get a trace file in $ORACLE_HOME/hs/log/ #HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL = DEBUG # HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME : full path of the ODBC suburbanite HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME = /usr/local/lib/libodbc.so # transpiration the characterset if you have problems # HS_LANGUAGE should be set exactly the same as Oracle database ## HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8 HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8MSWIN1252 # If you get ORA-28528: Heterogeneous Services datatype conversion error # then try HS_FDS_SQLLEN_INTERPRETATION=32 # Problem occurs, if you use a 32Bit unixODBC on a 64Bit System # (see Oracle Support Doc ID 554409.1) # HS_FDS_SQLLEN_INTERPRETATION=32 HS_FDS_TIMESTAMP_MAPPING=DATE HS_FDS_REPORT_REAL_AS_DOUBLE=TRUE HS_NLS_NCHAR=UCS2 # # ODBC specific environment variables # # ODBCINI: full path of odbc.ini set ODBCINI = /usr/local/etc/odbc.ini set INFORMIXDIR=/opt/IBM/informix set DELIMIDENT=y123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930# HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO: data source name from odbc.iniHS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO = infoxmixtestdsn # HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL: Values: OFF, ON, DEBUG, default: OFF. Activate to get a trace file in $ORACLE_HOME/hs/log/#HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL = DEBUG # HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME : full path of the ODBC driverHS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME = /usr/local/lib/libodbc.so # transpiration the characterset if you have problems# HS_LANGUAGE should be set exactly the same as Oracle database## HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8MSWIN1252 # If you get ORA-28528: Heterogeneous Services datatype conversion error# then try HS_FDS_SQLLEN_INTERPRETATION=32# Problem occurs, if you use a 32Bit unixODBC on a 64Bit System# (see Oracle Support Doc ID 554409.1)# HS_FDS_SQLLEN_INTERPRETATION=32 HS_FDS_TIMESTAMP_MAPPING=DATEHS_FDS_REPORT_REAL_AS_DOUBLE=TRUEHS_NLS_NCHAR=UCS2## ODBC specific environment variables## ODBCINI: full path of odbc.iniset ODBCINI = /usr/local/etc/odbc.iniset INFORMIXDIR=/opt/IBM/informixset DELIMIDENT=yListener configurationOn the system where the gateway is configured, you need to add some lines to the file $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = # full path of ORACLE_HOME here (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1) # SID_NAME from initGWINFORMIXSID.ora (SID_NAME = GWINFORMIXSID) # PROGRAM = dg4odbc tells the listener the use the database gateway for odbc (PROGRAM = dg4odbc) # ENVS = ... for Informix ODBCSuburbanitewe have to proffer the LD_LIBRARY_PATH (ENVS ="LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/IBM/informix/lib/esql") ) )12345678910111213SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = # full path of ORACLE_HOME here (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1) # SID_NAME from initGWINFORMIXSID.ora (SID_NAME = GWINFORMIXSID) # PROGRAM = dg4odbc tells the listener the use the database gateway for odbc (PROGRAM = dg4odbc) # ENVS = ... for Informix ODBCSuburbanitewe have to proffer the LD_LIBRARY_PATH (ENVS ="LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/IBM/informix/lib/esql") ) )If you have once the section SID_LIST= in your file listener.ora the you just add the marked lines. If dont have the section, you add all lines.Important:Withoutwaffly the file listener.ora you have to reload the listener:command executed as user oracle on the gateway host lsnrctl reload1lsnrctl reloadChecking the listener:command executed as user oracle on the gateway host lsnrctl status # you should see the GWINFORMIXSID: # Service "GWINFORMIXSID" has 1 instance(s). # Instance "GWINFORMIXSID", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...1234lsnrctl status# you should see the GWINFORMIXSID:# Service "GWINFORMIXSID" has 1 instance(s).# Instance "GWINFORMIXSID", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...tnsnames.ora configurationThis step is optional, TNS information moreover may be specified in the database link.On the system where the database is running, we add some lines to the file $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora.$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # GWINFORMIXCONN is my name for the connection. This name will be used in the Database Link GWINFORMIXCONN= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) # HOST: system where the gateway is running (or localhost if gateway and database host are the same) (HOST = gatwewayserver) # PORT: portnumber of listener (usually 1521) (PORT = 1521) ) ) (CONNECT_DATA = # Gateway SID from listener.ora (SID = GWINFORMIXSID) ) # HS = OK : this is a gateway connection (HS = OK) )123456789101112131415161718# GWINFORMIXCONN is my name for the connection. This name will be used in the Database LinkGWINFORMIXCONN= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) # HOST: system where the gateway is running (or localhost if gateway and database host are the same) (HOST = gatwewayserver) # PORT: portnumber of listener (usually 1521) (PORT = 1521) ) ) (CONNECT_DATA = # Gateway SID from listener.ora (SID = GWINFORMIXSID) ) # HS = OK : this is a gateway connection (HS = OK) )Checking with tnsping:command executed as user oracle on database host tnsping gwinformixconn TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 19-JAN-2016 18:56:54 Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: Used TNSNAMES connector to resolve the plume Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = GATEWAYSERVER) (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = GWINFORMIXSID)) (HS = OK)) OK (0 msec)123456789101112tnsping gwinformixconn TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 19-JAN-2016 18:56:54 Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: Used TNSNAMES connector to resolve the aliasAttempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = GATEWAYSERVER) (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = GWINFORMIXSID)) (HS = OK))OK (0 msec)The tnsping writ only verifies the configuration in tnsnames.ora and the listener configuration on the gateway server. It shows, that the listener can be reached and the SID is configured in the listener.It show OK moreover when something without the listener is misconfigured or not working.Database Link configurationThe database link will be created by the oracle schema user who will use it. As an volitional you may create a public database link.For megacosm we need:Username and Password for the target database (e.g. the Informix database)The TNS plume configured in tnsnames.oraYour Oracle DB Admin should grant CREATE DATABASE LINK and ALTER DATABASE LINK to your schema user.create database link, to be executed by the database user who wants to use the link -- replace user and password with your values create database link GWINFORMIXLINK connect to "username" identified by "password" using 'GWINFORMIXCONN'; -- volitional if you have not configured an TNS plume create database link GWINFORMIXLINK connect to "username" identified by "password" using '(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=GWINFORMIXSID))(HS=OK))';1234-- replace user and password with your valuescreate database link GWINFORMIXLINK connect to "username" identified by "password" using 'GWINFORMIXCONN';-- volitional if you have not configured an TNS aliascreate database link GWINFORMIXLINK connect to "username" identified by "password" using '(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=GWINFORMIXSID))(HS=OK))';Configuration finished!Using the database linkNow we are ready to test the database link -- the simplest test. if you get a result, the connection to the target database works. select 'it works' as status from dual@GWINFORMIXLINK; -- query for all tables you can see on the target database select * from all_tables@GWINFORMIXLINK;12345-- the simplest test. if you get a result, the connection to the target database works.select 'it works' as status from dual@GWINFORMIXLINK; -- query for all tables you can see on the target databaseselect * from all_tables@GWINFORMIXLINK;Case sensitive Object NamesSQL Server Object names are case-sensitive, Oracle Object Names normally only have uppercase letters. In this example, the target Informix database has installed a sample database xyz. The query for all_tables shows us the names:select owner, table_name from all_tables@GWINFORMIXLINK OWNER TABLE_NAME ------------------------------ ------------------------------ informix two-face informix write informix category informix municipality informix country informix consumer informix mucosa informix film_actor informix film_category informix film_text informix inventory informix language informix payment informix rental informix staff informix store 16 rows selected.1234567891011121314151617181920OWNER TABLE_NAME------------------------------ ------------------------------informix actorinformix addressinformix categoryinformix cityinformix countryinformix customerinformix filminformix film_actorinformix film_categoryinformix film_textinformix inventoryinformix languageinformix paymentinformix rentalinformix staffinformix store 16 rows selected.To wangle Objects whith lowercase reports from Oracle, we habe to enclose the name with ” characters: Example for select from Table film:SELECT COLUMN "film_id" FORMAT 9999; COLUMN "title" FORMAT A20; ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'; SELECT "film_id", "title", "last_update" FROM "film"@GWINFOMIXLINK WHERE "film_id" <=10; film_id title last_update ------- -------------------- ------------------- 1 ACADEMY DINOSAUR 2006-02-15 05:03:42 2 ACE GOLDFINGER 2006-02-15 05:03:42 3 ADAPTATION HOLES 2006-02-15 05:03:42 4 AFFAIR PREJUDICE 2006-02-15 05:03:42 5 AFRICAN EGG 2006-02-15 05:03:42 6 AGENT TRUMAN 2006-02-15 05:03:42 7 AIRPLANE SIERRA 2006-02-15 05:03:42 8 AIRPORT POLLOCK 2006-02-15 05:03:42 9 ALABAMA DEVIL 2006-02-15 05:03:42 10 ALADDIN CALENDAR 2006-02-15 05:03:42 10 rows selected.1234567891011121314151617181920COLUMN "film_id" FORMAT 9999;COLUMN "title" FORMAT A20;ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'; SELECT "film_id", "title", "last_update" FROM "film"@GWINFOMIXLINK WHERE "film_id" <=10; film_id title last_update------- -------------------- ------------------- 1 ACADEMY DINOSAUR 2006-02-15 05:03:42 2 ACE GOLDFINGER 2006-02-15 05:03:42 3 ADAPTATION HOLES 2006-02-15 05:03:42 4 AFFAIR PREJUDICE 2006-02-15 05:03:42 5 AFRICAN EGG 2006-02-15 05:03:42 6 AGENT TRUMAN 2006-02-15 05:03:42 7 AIRPLANE SIERRA 2006-02-15 05:03:42 8 AIRPORT POLLOCK 2006-02-15 05:03:42 9 ALABAMA DEVIL 2006-02-15 05:03:42 10 ALADDIN CALENDAR 2006-02-15 05:03:42 10 rows selected.Data Type ConversionData Types are converted from Informix Types to ODBC Types and the to Oracle Types. More Info you find in the documentation for Informix ODBC Driver, unixODBC and Oracle Gateways.To see, what data type we get, we can query all_tab_columns:SELECT column_name, data_type, data_length, data_precision, nullable FROM all_tab_columns@GWINFORMIXLINK WHERE table_name='film'; COLUMN column_name FORMAT A30 COLUMN data_type FORMAT A8 COLUMN data_length FORMAT 99999 COLUMN data_precision FORMAT 999 COLUMN nullable FORMAT A1 SELECT column_name, data_type, data_length, data_precision, nullable FROM all_tab_columns@GWINFORMIXLINK WHERE table_name='film'; COLUMN_NAME DATA_TYP DATA_LENGTH DATA_PRECISION N ------------------------------ -------- ----------- -------------- - film_id NUMBER 2 22 Y title VARCHAR2 765 N unravelment LONG 65535 Y release_year NUMBER 1 22 Y language_id NUMBER 1 22 N original_language_id NUMBER 1 22 Y rental_duration NUMBER 1 22 N rental_rate NUMBER 6 22 N length NUMBER 2 22 Y replacement_cost NUMBER 7 22 N rating CHAR 15 Y special_features CHAR 162 Y last_update DATE 16 Y 13 rows selected.12345678910111213141516171819202122232425COLUMN column_name FORMAT A30COLUMN data_type FORMAT A8COLUMN data_length FORMAT 99999COLUMN data_precision FORMAT 999COLUMN nullable FORMAT A1 SELECT column_name, data_type, data_length, data_precision, nullable FROM all_tab_columns@GWINFORMIXLINK WHERE table_name='film'; COLUMN_NAME DATA_TYP DATA_LENGTH DATA_PRECISION N------------------------------ -------- ----------- -------------- -film_id NUMBER 2 22 Ytitle VARCHAR2 765 Ndescription LONG 65535 Yrelease_year NUMBER 1 22 Ylanguage_id NUMBER 1 22 Noriginal_language_id NUMBER 1 22 Yrental_duration NUMBER 1 22 Nrental_rate NUMBER 6 22 Nlength NUMBER 2 22 Yreplacement_cost NUMBER 7 22 Nrating CHAR 15 Yspecial_features CHAR 162 Ylast_update DATE 16 Y 13 rows selected.Synopsis of names used in this exampleIn the configuration many names are used. This will be sometime confusing. Here you see all names:NamePurposedefined inused incase sensitive?GWMYQLLINKdatabase link namecreate database link ...sql queries, eg. select * from table@GWINFORMIXLINKnoGWINFORMIXCONNTNS aliastnsnames.oraUSING clause of database linknoGATEWAYSERVERHostname where Gateway is installedtnsnames.oranoGWINFORMIXSIDGateway SIDlistener.oratnsnames.ora and filename of initGWSID.oraYESINFORMIXDSNODBC Datasource Nameodbc.iniHS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO in file initGWSID.oranool_informix1210Informix DBSERVERNAMEInformix Database Serversqlhosts odbc.ininodelphiInformix Database nameInformix Database Serverodbc.inino There are some limitations on name length and specimen sensitiveness. You are self-ruling to use own names, plane you can use for all objects the same name but you should know what your are doing.Troubleshooting For a gateway connection, there are many components involved:the oracle databasethe database linkthe TNSPlumein tnsnames.orathe network connection between database and gatewaythe listener configuration in listener.orathe gateway configuration file initGWSID.orathe unixODBC installationthe unixODBC configuration file odbc.inithe Informix ODBCSuburbaniteinstallationthe network connection to target database serverthe target databaseIf the connection does not work, unchangingly first test with isql and try to isolate the problem.Some typical errormessagesErrormessageReasonORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specifiedTNSPlumeused in the database link not found in tnsnames.oraORA-28545: error diagnosed by Net8 when connecting to an wage-earner Unable to retrieve text of NETWORK/NCR message 65535 ORA-02063: preceding 2 lines from TESTLINK Mismatch between tnsnames.ora and listener.ora (e.g. wrong SID, wrong port number)ORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to a non-Oracle system returned this message: ORA-28541: Error in HS init file on line 39. ORA-02063: preceding 2 lines from TESTLINK error in file $ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin/initGWSID.oraORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to a non-Oracle system returned this message: [unixODBC][Driver Manager]Data source name not found, and no default suburbanite specified {IM002} ORA-02063: preceding 2 lines from TESTLINK Mismatch between data source name in odbc.ini and HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO in initGWSID.oraMoreovercheck the ODBCINI setting ininitGWSID.oraORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to a non-Oracle system returned this message: [unixODBC][Driver Manager]Can't unshut lib '/opt/IBM/informix/lib/cli/iclit09b.so' : file not found {01000} ORA-02063: preceding 2 lines from GWINFORMIXLINK File listener.ora: Entry ENVS= missing or incorrect.Withoutediting listener.ora you have to reload or restart the listener.ORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to a non-Oracle system returned this message: [unixODBC][Informix][Informix ODBC Driver][Informix]Attempt to connect to database server (ol_informix1210) failed. {08004,NativeErr = -908} ORA-02063: preceding 2 lines from GWINFORMIXLINK Informix Database not running. This error should moreover occur when testing with isql Search for: SearchPagesOracle Gateway to ODBCUnix ODBC InstallationAccess to MS SQL Server Database: FreeTDS InstallationConfigure Oracle Gateway for ODBC with FreeTDSAccess to MySQL Database: Connector/ODBC InstallationConfigure Oracle Gateway for ODBC with MySQL ConnectorAccess to Informix Database: Informix ODBCSuburbaniteInstallationConfigure Oracle Gateway for ODBC with Informix ODBC DriverRecent Posts Gateway from Oracle to Informix Gateway from Oracle to MySQL Gateway from Oracle to MS SQL ServerAbout me Consultant for Databases, Linux/Unix, High Availabiltiy. German Homepage www.jj-it.de ContactHomeContact Joachim Jäckel Proudly powered by WordPress